Dayton City School District

Dayton enrolled 12,790 students in 2025-26. Enrollment peaked at 15,825 in 2006-07. Since 2006-07 it has changed −19.2%, against −13.6% for the regional peer median (within 35 miles) and −19.5% for the median Ohio district.

Students

Districts that serve free meals to every student report every student as economically disadvantaged. For the 123 Ohio districts where that raised the share by 25 points or more to 95% or above in one year, this briefing uses the district’s last share before the rise.

Where resident students go

Since 2021-22 the state pays community schools, EdChoice private schools and open-enrollment districts directly, so these students no longer appear as deductions in Dayton’s budget, but the district still receives no state aid for them and, for most private and charter students in grades K–8, must provide or pay for transportation.

Community

Home values against nearby districts

Across the five most recent Census releases (2016–20 to 2020–24), the median owner-occupied home in Dayton averaged $81,480, 39% below the median of the 5 districts within 35 miles ($134,320). That ranks 6th of 6 in the area and at the 2nd percentile of Ohio districts (state median $167,900).

U.S. Census Bureau American Community Survey 5-year estimates, median value of owner-occupied homes (table B25077), in nominal dollars. Consecutive releases share four of their five survey years, so the average is a smoothed level rather than five independent years. Nearby districts are those whose NCES office address lies within 35 miles of Dayton's: Princeton (34 mi, $192,820); Xenia Community (13 mi, $160,560); West Carrollton (6 mi, $134,320); Middletown (20 mi, $127,600); Springfield City (23 mi, $92,300).

Ohio Department of Education and Workforce Report Card and District Profile (Cupp) Report; U.S. Census ACS 5-year. Student characteristics compare with the peers; enrollment, school choice and community figures with the regional peers (within 35 miles): Springfield City, Xenia Community, Middletown, Princeton and West Carrollton.

Dayton’s performance index — a weighted average of state test results on a 0–120 scale — was 55.4 in 2025-26, against 63.0 for the peer median and 88.3 for the median Ohio district (0th percentile).

Ohio Department of Education and Workforce Report Card. No state tests in 2019-20; star ratings began in 2022-23.

Dayton spent $22,858 per pupil on operations in 2024-25, against $21,338 for the peer median and $16,580 for the median Ohio district. Ohio’s formula assumes each district can raise a local share based on its property values and residents’ incomes; the state supplied 51% of Dayton’s revenue. At the end of FY2026 the district held $114.13 million in general-fund cash, an unreserved balance of 35.4% of a year’s spending.

ODEW District Profile (Cupp) Report; five-year forecast actuals (general operating funds, cash basis) as filed with ODEW.

Ohio’s H.B. 920 reduction factors cut the effective rate of voted levies as property values rise, so most levies raise a fixed number of dollars and districts must return to voters to keep pace; no district’s effective current-expense rate can fall below 20 mills. Dayton’s effective residential rate was 29.21 mills (Ohio median 24.39). Since January 2026, districts can no longer place new emergency, substitute or replacement levies on the ballot.

Past school tax issues

The Ohio School Boards Association records no earlier school tax issue for Dayton since 2016. Statewide, the Ohio School Boards Association records 2,342 school tax issues from 2016 through May 2026; 66% passed, and 39% of new-money issues.

Ohio Department of Taxation and ODEW District Profile Report (effective millage); U.S. Census ACS 5-year; Ohio School Boards Association election results.

Wherever this briefing sets Dayton beside other districts, it uses the groups below. A group figure is the middle value across its members, each counted equally, so one large member cannot dominate it.

Peers 12 districts

The 12 Ohio districts (city, local and exempted-village districts) most like Dayton on four equally weighted factors: total enrollment (compared as a ratio), operating spending per pupil, students per teacher and the share of economically disadvantaged students, each difference scaled by how much the factor varies across districts, and none more than two standard deviations away on any one. The group starts with nearby districts that match closely (within half a standard deviation on average) and fills the rest from anywhere in the state. Peers carry the achievement, spending and staffing comparisons.

Regional peers 5 districts

The 5 districts (city, local and exempted-village districts) within 35 miles of Dayton, straight line between district offices, whose profile on the same four factors is comparable: on average within one standard deviation. Fewer than five comparable districts lie within 25 miles, so the radius was widened. They carry enrollment, property taxes and home values, and their median sits beneath the peer median elsewhere. A district in both groups appears in both lists.

“Ohio median” is the middle value across Ohio’s city, local and exempted-village school districts; career centers and community schools are left out.